technical author contract"technical author contract" What percentage of a book's cover price usually belongs to the author?
I understand that the percentages can vary greatly, depending on a multitude of factors, among them the specific terms of the negotiated contract between the author (and/or his/her agent) and the publishing company. But assuming it is a popular technical book, though not necessarily a bestseller, by a first-time author (and no literary agent involved), I am looking for an idea on the generally practiced/acceptable market range.
By technical book, I assume you mean a nonfiction work that has a limited audience. If that's the case, you can expect to make about a dollar on every ten dollar book (retail) that you sell IF you are selling through a legitimate publisher. Standard percentages vary from ten to fifteen percent of the book's cover price with many publishers, so if the book retails for more than $10, you can make a bit more per book.
The sad thing is, unless your book becomes a bestseller or you have a terrific, motivated agent pushing it to foreign markets, it's VERY difficult to make money on a single book of any kind these days. Publishers are hurting, nationwide. In fact, the US produced about 20% fewer new books in 2005 than they did the previous year. Nonfiction books often sell ONLY to a small audience and never get much attention unless you can get on Oprah.
I write fantasy books for a major publisher and even though fantasy is very hot these days, it still takes a lot of effort to get a book noticed. Fortunately, Amazon and B&N and all the other online e-tailers do a great job of getting a book's title in front of the entire planet. That doesn't necessarily hold true with nonfiction titles, though.
Keep in mind, the dollar royalty you make off your $10 book is subject to 1)taxes; 2)returns; 3)self promotional costs and 4)other expenses that may reduce your bottom line to about $.25 per book of actual, in-your-pocket cash. Truth be known, betting on the horses is probably about as good of a return as publishing a book. I know--I've been there.
A business report puts across information that assists in decision-making in a business. The report could be actual solution to a business problem while others record past business information to help in future business planning. Ancient business report papers like the business plan had the purpose of communicating business concept, business management model, commercial objectives, operational procedures as well as the perceived viability of the enterprise. Plagiarism is the close imitation of another person thought, ideas or expressions and publication of them as being one's own work. Plagiarism is currently in the increase as most of the student courses dictate that research works on various topics be prepared and handed in for official evaluation. Though plagiarism is not defined as a crime, it is a moral wrong. Any academic paper can be plagiarism free so long as the student puts more effort in originality and proper in text citations and referencing.
A plagiarism free business report paper must obey several guidelines. When writing any business report paper, it is recommended that the business report writer must determine the reason behind that report. This scope should not be too general or vague since it will abstract the writer's scope resulting to a futile business report paper. Instead, the topic should be narrowed down to an appropriate report length. The next thing is to consider the potential or intended audience. For business report papers, various audience groups are targeted by the report since there are many levels of decision making in the hierarchy of a business each of which require different information. Business report papers have several target audience qualities. First, in the need for the report you find that some require it for financial approval, resources allocation or planning. Next is the level of education which determines the ability of a target audience to comprehend and cut the paper. Others include management level, responsibility, and personal demographics. The business report paper writer should at this point in time list all the intended audiences as primary, secondary and immediate audiences. Thirdly, a good business report paper properly gathered and organized supporting information to facilitate supply chain management, quality systems or production and operational planning. Investment strategy development requires market research involving data collection either first hand from consumers or from investigative research.
All in all the procedures and methods used in the research need to be explained. After information has been gathered, a thorough analysis and justification of the supporting information is done. The findings are compared with the present business concept in alignment to the target audience. Lastly but not least, is the act of coming up with the solution, research findings as well as the recommendations. Business report paper writers will offer solution to the study problem based on the research analysis. Findings are picked directly from the outcome of the research while the recommendations state what needs to be done. Finally, the writer determines the report format which must include identifying information, purpose of the report, report background and supporting data and conclusions and recommendations. Other elements of considerations in a plagiarism free business report paper is accuracy of the paper, objectivity as well as use of graphics like tables , pie charts, line charts, bar charts, organizational charts etc. accurate referencing of cited information is important.
About the Author
Author is associated with researchpapers247.com which is a global writing company that offerBusiness Report Papers & Custom research Papers provider. If you would like help in Business Report Paper and Buy essays you can visit researchpapers247.com
BBC World News: 'Africa Business Report' (2009)
business report example business report example business report example
business reports"business reports" when im using reports in business objects in DWH i got a problem can u explain about this?
when im applying condition in the field section it will shows tables but these table fields can't get in to the condition field(i can't drag the perticular field). how can I?
goodly condition is easy
BBC "Africa Business Report' Lekki Free Trade Zone
business reports business reports business reports
how to write a sales report"how to write a sales report" How to handle an unpaying customer on eBay? Need advice from an eBay seller.?
One customer placed a bid on my item and then 10 days later still hasn't paid. I didn't specify in my listing a specific time frame in which the winning bidder has to pay so I feel that it's partially my fault, but I think that 10 days is enough time to pay by any standards. I wrote her a friendly email two days ago indicating that it has been ten days and saying that I just wanted to bring it to her attention. She replied to me and said she will pay the next day. That next day was yesterday, and today I checked the status of the transaction and she still has not paid - it's already been 12 days. What is the best thing to do? I don't want to just report her and lose the sale. Should I write her another email and be more firm this time? Should I tell her if she doesn't pay she will be reported? I don't know what't the right thing to do in this case. How much extra time, if any should I give her before reporting her or relisting the item?
I think you've given her plenty of time. A lot of people include instructions in the listing warning that the item will be re-listed after four days with no payment. You may try another firm letter, just in case, but it sounds like you have a typical non-payer on your hands.
How To Write Sales Letters That Cha-Ching!
how to write a sales report how to write a sales report how to write a sales report
long report writing"long report writing" Would this make writing a report on a person better for students?
Instead of just writing one long report on someone from history like Malcom X, Mother Teresa,etc.Have the students do a comparison and contrast paper on someone famous from the pass of someone famous today like for example( Martin Luther King and Russell Simmons). Would students find that more fun and interesting. and i would just like to add when I said famous not necessary an actress or singer but it could be someone like a president,civil rights leader,etc.And look at their lives,purpose,and quotes.
Well, i'm 22 and I think it's a good idea to a comparison of famous people from the past and present to see what they have in common and what the difference between them. It's alot of thinking but should be easy and kinda fun to me.
Chris Rock and Nia Long with Matt Zaller Talking Race with a Baby Doll
long report writing long report writing long report writing
accident report writing"accident report writing" Can a Public service aide write up an accident report and not give you a citation?
Im in florida, I am currently being sued from an accident that occured in 2008 for ultimately being blamed because of a police report that says I was the "reckless driver" at the time of the accident I didnt recieve a citation nor did I recieve anything relating to it on my license report. I assumed that when I walked away from that accident that because of how the accident happened neithe of us would be charged, while at the mediation, the lawyer produced a police report that showed I was the driver that ccaused the accident. What are my options? Shouldnt I have recieved a citation for what im being blamed for?
Public service aides do NOT have the authority to give a citation.
how to write a marketing report"how to write a marketing report" Help with a marketing report please?
I have to write a report on the macro-environmental factors which would affect a pretend theme park to be built. How would social/cultural factors affect the theme park? People are living longer and the birth rate is decreasing but I cant see how this would affect the theme park?
Hmmm a theme park for senior citizens? Seniors like entertainment versus rides. A concert hall venue or multiple concert halls for music, comedy, and dance events. Build in a people mover system to move tired old bodies around the park versus the paths that are there today. Your food concessions would need to take into account the low sodium, low fat diets that older people have to maintain. Incorporate a hotel into the park. Seniors have more disposable income than younger folks. If you can get them to stay for one night that's 3 meals instead of 1 or 2. Go for a casino at the hotel too while you're at it. I live near Atlantic City and older folks go there by the busload. You'll still need rides for the kids, rides older people won't ride. Provide plenty of comfortable seats in the shade. for the folks. Build in concessions near these seating areas so the folks can spend more money while the kids are on the rides.
How to Write a News Report, Marketing Video or short Documentary in 5 Minutes
how to write a marketing report how to write a marketing report how to write a marketing report
The fundamentals for writing research proposal and thesis statement
The human race has become civilized only with the help of the education by which they have developed their knowledge of understanding. It is said that a person becomes perfect both mentally and physically only by expanding his thoughts and ideas. All this is possible only by means of learning. Initially the courses offered where very few and it was affordable by all. Also there was no competition among the people. But now the trend has completely changed, as this is the aggressive and the competitive world. As the fees and all the education structures have been raised the students who belong to the middle class will not be able to afford. In order to help them there are many companies ready to offer funds. So to receive these external funds it is necessary to write an extraordinary research proposal. This research proposal will carry all the information about the research that one is to carry out.
The research proposal must have the full details about the project and added supportive information. When the proposal is evaluated it should be considered as the best one and it can surely compete with other proposals. The idea of this proposal must be supported with plenty of relevant literature. The proposal must create a strong confidence in the mind of the reader that the project is innovative and the method is very effective. Sometime the proposal gets rejected if the proposal writing is very meager so it should be kept in mind that while writing the proposal the quality should be maintained.
The research proposal should comprise the entire following outline. A suitable title must be given to the proposal then the short and a brief summary must be written. The main body of the proposal must clearly reveal that the project will develop the knowledge in the area of research. The aim and the objective of the proposal must be concise, specific, detailed and focused. A good literature review and methodology also makes the proposal a good one and will be selected without any risk. We always strive to develop a good research presentation.
Before starting to write a proposal it is essential to write the thesis statement. The thesis statement usually would emphasis on the proposal or an essay. The statement focuses on the text that is present in the paper that is proposed. An important instrument used for the investigation of the proposal and to find its length whether long or short is done with the help of the statement. The statement should be assertive and develop the reader’s interest and have enough proof. The reader must get a clear idea about the project directly by reading the statement and the person should also know the limitations that are placed on the project. An important point that is to be remembered is that the topic selected for the research must be new and that is to be explored. It should also be helpful to the society and must have new solutions to solve the problem.
About the Author
The article about the writing of the research proposal and the thesis statement is written by author Sarah Brodie who supports and helps the students to write a good, well formatted and own research presentation
The Research Proposal
research proposal research proposal research proposal
report writing findings"report writing findings" when I write a report on my findings about a particulat website, do I have to cite the website throughout the?
paper or is one time at the beginning sufficient? I would technically be citing the source repeatedly because this is not common knowledge to myself or others.
Ask your teacher for his or her preference but in general if you are not sure whether to cite or not, cite it. Plagarism is nothing to fool with, might as well stay on the safe side.
Why Strategic Intelligence Is Important In Intelligence Training Programs
Introduction
Given the current global threat environment, an increasing number of organizations are augmenting or creating new intelligence training programs. These programs are designed to train future leaders in law enforcement, intelligence and counterterrorism, military, and even in the corporate world in the art and science behind effective intelligence gathering and analysis. To be most effective however, these programs must include a focus in strategic intelligence in order to teach individuals to have the foresight to prevent terrorist attacks and forestall threats in the future. This essay provides an overview of intelligence training programs and the importance of incorporating strategic intelligence into these programs to train future leaders in the field of strategic security.
Strategic Intelligence
The term "strategic intelligence" is used loosely across government and academic circles. Common consensus suggests that U.S. military officials and the U.S. government define strategic intelligence as the intelligence required to create a grand or "national" strategy that informs the formation of government policy and military plans and operations at both national and theater levels. This suggests that strategic intelligence is not the underlying details behind a plan itself, but rather, the logic behind the plan which is thus dependent upon insight and analysis of experts in a number of fields. Strategic intelligence includes a large number of activities including intelligence collection, analysis, and even counterintelligence.
While strategic intelligence is vital for global security, many programs focus on tactical intelligence, which is important when linked to an overarching national strategy. Strategic security requires input from experts in a number of critical areas including economic analysts, government analysts, foreign leader profilers, research on non-state actors and groups, as well as area experts, among other disciplines. Intelligence analysts in these specific areas spend much of their career focused on one of these areas in order to support the greater strategic need of the government.
Importance of teaching strategic intelligence in intelligence training programs
Intelligence training programs typically provide an historical, legal, ethical, and conceptual overview of intelligence gathering and intelligence analysis. Individuals are trained in understanding the intelligence cycle, from the planning to the execution and analysis stage. Students of intelligence training programs are taught the skills necessary to perform intelligence gathering as well as the presentation, writing, and other analytical skills necessary to analyze and present intelligence. Classes can include instruction on the core competencies of intelligence analysis, how to develop intelligence plans, report writing, and more technical courses on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and geographic profiling.
There are a number of different types of intelligence training programs available to government employees and to the military. The Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) offers an intelligence analyst training program for organizations with which it partners. The program is available for state and local law enforcement officials as well as federal employees and military. The FBI Academy in Quantico, Virginia now houses a Center for Intelligence Training, through which intelligence and other related analysts develop skills. The Directorate of Intelligence within the Central Intelligence Agency also provides a number of intelligence training programs both internally and through partner institutions. Finally, private and public universities, both online and traditional, have created intelligence training programs in the past decade which prepare students to enter into the field of strategic security.
For these programs to be successful at training future leaders in the intelligence field, they need to include a focus on strategic intelligence. Advanced analysts must be skilled at taking the detailed intelligence they have uncovered and processing it in a way to create strategic reports to inform policy makers. These analysts must have sharp analytical skills in order to synthesize a strategic overview of these detailed intelligence reports so as to provide meaningful and useful analysis to policy-makers. An emphasis in strategic intelligence, forcing analysts to develop an understanding of the long-term view of a particular security situation is therefore a key component of any modern day intelligence training program.
About the Author
Dan Sommer works for Henley-Putnam University, a leading educational institution in the field of Strategic Security. For more info on Henley-Putnam University, strategic intelligence , intelligence training programs , call 888-852-8746 or visit us online at http://www.Henley-Putnam.edu
sales report writing"sales report writing" Anybody have any ideas about exporting graphics in MS Access?
Hi - I have written a database that tracks sales, stock etc. As usual, possibly the most simple thing ever is my stumbling block - printing Invoices/Receipts.
Have built the Queries and Reports and written the Export Procedures, but even though the logo appears on the screen and can be printed from within Access, I need it to be exported to an e-mailable format (eg: Word). When I export as RTF it comes out formatted OK, but with the picture missing. Anybody know how to solve this?
Thanks. Hey - thanks for that ManHater - you soud like just my sort of girl? What are you doing at the weekend?
We've tried LOTS of different ways, but Access doesn't like to export the images on Reports into any format but .SNP (Windows Snapshot Viewer) which is a Microsoft version of a .PDF
.SNP cannot be edited, but looks EXACTLY like the Access Report as viewed through Access (It's a screenshot).
You could try outputting into HTML, but You'll need an HTML Template with the images & formatting already on it, and Access will basically just export the data to it.
Or You can try researching in the MIcrosoft Knowledge base. It's free and might have an article on doing just that...
Activity Internet Marketing Report, Internet Information
INTERNET MARKETING INFORMATION
NETWORKING
LIGHTSIDE
SCAMS, FRAUDS
FAKE E CARDS
HOLIDAY RENTALS
DROP SHIP
If your planning on getting into Internet marketing, you should spent a few weeks web surfing for the information you need before you decide just how and what you want to market on the Internet. There are a lot of scams, frauds, and hype you have to research.
One of the first things you should do is check the government regulations that effect Internet marketing. Two of the main regulation deals with e mails. You can only send out your offer to persons who have contacted you about your offer or (a one time only) persons who have contact you with their offer.
You are required to enclose in all your e mails, your e mail address, your business address and phone. If you will be using a autoresponder you are required to have a unsubscribe link, so persons who may have contacted to receive your offers, newsletter, etc. can click on and have their name removed from your list.
It is also very important to remember if you join a MLM as a affiliate the firm you are marketing for meet the regulations, as you too could be charged if they make outrages claims about their product, how much money can be made etc.
The FTC enters Internet, telemarketing, identity theft and other fraud-related complaints into Consumer Sentinel, a secure, online database available to hundreds of civil and criminal law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and abroad.
Get your own website, avoid the free ones offered by MLM's. Don't be restricted to one firm's product with a free website.
With a free web site you would have no chance of being listed on the search engines, as there would be hundreds of web sites with the same offers. All you are doing is working for free, paying for advertisements for someone else's products. If there was some product you wanted to sell from a MLM firm, you can join as a reseller and place just the product you want to handle on your website.
NETWORKING
You didn't learn it at school, or at the office. Would you believe your mother?
Networking is more then shaking hands, and giving out business cards. Forget about the endless networking skills you may have learned at the office. We just have to put the few lessons mother taught us into practice. As a kid we were always in a hurry to find something better. Our mothers taught us patience.
If your in a hurry you miss the value that can be built taking time with building relations in networking. Establishing a relationship by taking time, gives you a solid framework in networking building.
Your mother worked hard as an example. This is one of the better examples in networking she gave you. That's why it is called networking, not sit work. For networking to be successful you have to work hard and put out the effort.
Remember her telling you to share your things with others? Some of our best resources are time, money, and information we are willing to give to the relationship. They appreciate us when we are willing to give to the relationship.
She always made you clean up after yourself. In networking, follow-up is required. Whether it's a promise to meet someone, or just a thank you is one of the most important lessons of networking. These life lessons we learned from mother during childhood are a solid basis's for strong networking skills. Thank you mother for all your help.
The biggest time spend in selling, more so in mail order or on the Internet is developing a relationship with your customer and building trust. If you did a good job in the first two, closing a sale will take the smallest of your time spend with your customer.
LIGHTSIDE This woman rushed to her doctor and rattles off: "doctor, when I woke up this morning and looked into the mirror I saw my hair wiry and frazzled, my skin was wrinkled and pasty, my eyes were bloodshot, I had a corpse-like look on my face! Please doctor can you tell what's wrong with me?"
The doctor looks her over for a few minutes, then replies:" Well, I can tell you that there is nothing wrong with your eyesight."
SCAMS, FRAUDS
Fake e cards. You get a message with a link to an online greeting card but, when you click it, you end up with a virus on your PC. A couple of simple rules here. Delete any messages that come from someone you don't know or that don't address you by name. If they come from someone you know, email that person to check that they sent it before clicking on.
HOLIDAY RENTALS
2009 has seen a surge in ads offering bogus vacation rentals. You pay a deposit or even in full to get a key and that's the last you hear of them. Scammers are experts at creating phoney look-alike sites where you land after mistyping an address or by clicking on a link supplied in the e mail or ad. Always type in the URL and don't just click on the link.
DROP SHIPPERS You can get products to sell via e bay or/and your website by using the services of a drop shipper. A reliable drop shipper will not ask you for a fee. They will allow you to copy pictures of the products they sell. Prices are about half you would pay for retail.
When writing articles to directories, we are not allowed to list URL's for places to go for free information, such as drop shippers, ebay, and other places. If your interested you can go to our website and in our archives there is over 2 years of free Internet information listing with URL's. My website is listed in the article source at the bottom of this article.
If you have a website they will allow you to move any listing on their site to yours. You set your price on the product/s you transfer. When an order comes in place the order they will ship it out for you under your shipping label and not include any of their material.
A good way to promote is join as an affiliate, transfer a couple specials onto your site, with a link back to your affiliate page. The cost of setting up a web site is minimum. Check out my website archive for drop ship firms. Transfer a couple specials onto your site, with a link back to your affiliate page. The cost of setting up a web site is minimum. Check out my website archive for drop ship firms.
Disclaimer: The Author of this article is not responsible for accuracy or completeness nor shall he be held liable for any damage or loss arising out of or in any way related to the information or utilization of it.
Article Source: Bruce Chambers sold his printing, publishing, mail order business and retired in 1980. He came on the Internet in 2003. He researched for 1 year, and then started a free monthly Internet marketing report, plus free monthly recipes, bar mixes, tips newsletters. At present he resells from his website. You can subscribe to either or both free newsletters by going to his web site. Please visit: http://www.cbestbuys.com/
About the Author
Article Source: Bruce Chambers sold his printing, publishing, mail order business and retired in 1980. He came on the Internet in 2003. He researched for 1 year, and then started a free monthly Internet marketing report, plus free monthly recipes, bar mixes, tips newsletters. At present he resells from his website. You can subscribe to either or both free newsletters by going to his web site. Please visit: http://www.cbestbuys.com
Chiropractic Personal Injury Marketing Show: PI Report Writing Drivers
People often confused the difference between the term "copywriting" and "copyrighting". "Copyrighting" is define as the process that proves the originality of a work that is not plagiarize or steal from another's work. But "copywriting" is different.
Definition of Copywriting
Copywriting is the act of writing copy for the purpose of selling and marketing a product, business, or idea. In other words, copywriting is a way to market or promote a product or business in order to attract consumers.
Examples of copywriting are advertising copy, sales copy, sales letters, commercial scripts, media marketing such as brochures, billboards or mailings. Websites are also used regularly for copywriting. Copywriters (people who copywrite) nowadays often use websites to promote their business. They usually use search engines like Google or Yahoo to rank their websites and make people click through their sales page.
Is Copywriting Important for Marketing and Business?
Absolutely yes. Copywriting is the most common skill that Internet marketers learned and used from time to time in order to promote their products and businesses. Copywriting skills is what beginners and advanced Internet marketers need to learn and master because this is the only skill that can help Internet marketers earn money.
Some examples of copywriting are, a sales page which is a full page website that sells a product or business. Email promotions, which is sending emails to an email lists full of subscribers of a niche or product. A lead capture page, a page that allowed free information right after visitors enters his contact information. These are some of the examples where copywriting is involved in promoting a business or a product.
Where Can I Learn Copywriting?
There are a lot of copywriting courses out there on the internet. Some famous copywriters charge $1,000 to $15,000 for professional copywriting courses and training. But if you are looking for a copywriting guide that can help you in your internet marketing without spending that huge dollars, you can buy some ebooks about copywriting.
There are a few ebooks that you can take a look at clickbank website. Ebooks about copywriting is not that much. But this skill is the most important skill for internet marketers and businessman in order to promote sales and products.
In brief, we have learned what is copywriting is all about. It is the most important skill that marketers like you need to master and be good at in order to succeed in your business and make more money. Copywriting courses and seminars may be expensive for you. Therefore, I highly recommend buying an ebook about copywriting which can help new marketers like you get started so that you can save a few thousand dollars without entering any expensive coaching or seminar by just following these step by step ebook guide.
About the Author
Abdussalam is an undergraduate student studying at University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He was born in Singapore and started the Internet Marketing path since June 2009. Instantly access more free tips, tricks and reviews about copywriting here: http://reviewed-by-abdussalam.com
writing sales reports"writing sales reports" How to start off my sales talk?
For my Book Report assignment, my teacher wants me to write a sales talk about the book I'm reading. I choose the book "thirteen" by lauren myralce. Now, I don't know how to start off.
Thirteen is about a girl just turning 13 and her challenges like bf, make up and others. Please help!!
Tell a story from the book.
Credit Dispute Letters - Use Credit Laws to Legally Dispute Short Sales on Your Credit Reports
Applicant tracking, coordinating vendors, scheduling interviews while compiling recruiting metrics and analyzing the resulting data can result in an over burdened HR team, especially when utilizing a manual system. Extravagant amounts of time spent tracking position status and calculating time-to-fill and vendor performance metrics can deter HR staff from fulfilling other important strategic initiatives. For large and small businesses, the utilization of VMS (Vendor Management System) technology streamlines the recruiting process, from position requisition to on-boarding of a new hire, data is tracked, compiled and available not only to the HR team, but for the hiring manager on demand.
The question is not whether to utilize VMS technology, but instead, where to find a premier provider. Optimally, you want more than just access to the technology. The goal is to find a service organization that not only employs state-of-the-art VMS technology, but combines that with expertise in the area of Human Resources and a proven track record of recruiting pools of high-quality talent. In a global market, you need a business partner who can provide not only the technology, but also manage your talent searches for you on the global platform.
Creek Systems is such an organization. They meld HR expertise and recruiting specialists with advanced VMS technology that can alleviate burdensome, mundane recruiting tasks from your in-house HR team and hiring managers. A briefing with several of Creek's clients revealed the following benefits of utilizing Creek Systems when recruiting for executive, technical and general management positions:
Setting standards for vendor billing and rates
Reduction in time from requisition to on-boarding new hires
Ability to track vendor performance at a glance
Managing recruiting expenses and hiring manager spending
Streamlining the requisition process
Efficiency in attaining approvals and candidate processing
Vendor base optimization
Contingent labor spending reductions and cost savings
The goal is to optimize your in-house HR functions, relieving HR teams of mundane data tracking, talent searches and calculation of recruiting metrics. Once these burdens have been eliminated, your HR team can primarily focus on strategic initiatives, such as benefits architecture, worker's compensation costs, HR risk management and mission essential goals. During sluggish economic times, a high functioning, efficient HR team is essential for business revitalization. Partnering with a premier VMS solution provider may be the best strategic move a company can employ.
About the Author
Precise Authoring Services - Where creative writing is a passion and clients are a priority! If you need 100% original copy, creatively composed by professional US/UK writers that is grammatically correct, well researched and makes for an enticing read, then P.A.S. can deliver your project on time and at affordable rates.
Questions to ask before recruiting a technical author
how to write survey report"how to write survey report"
Undertaking a survey
A survey is a data-gathering and analysis approach in which respondents answer questions or respond to statements that were developed in advance. The approach can be described as a seven-stage process that includes the following steps:
1. Identify the research objectives.
2. Identify and characterize the target audience.
3. Design the sampling plan.
4. Design and write the questionnaire.
5. Pilot test the questionnaire.
6. Distribute the questionnaire.
7. Analyze the results and write a report.
Identify your research objectives - What you want to learn ? What problems need to be addressed ? How will the information be used ?
Research the market (where required) - Do you want customers opinions of your product, and then compare this with opinions of the product available to the general market ?
Establish your survey sample - Who will you interview & how many ?
Choose your methodology - How will you undertake the survey (post, email, etc) ?
Produce your questionnaire - What questions need to be asked ? What information needs to be obtained to address your research aims ?
Pilot the questionnaire - Test the questionnaire prior to issue and amend where required.
Seven stage survey process explained
1. What do you want the survey to accomplish? What information already exists about the problem you are asking questions about? Survey research must begin with a statement of the problem and how the survey will answer questions about the problem.
2. Who, specifically, will respond to the survey? What assumptions can you make about their knowledge of the questions you have in mind, the terminology they understand, their willingness to participate in the survey, and so forth?
3. How big is the target audience population? Can the target audience be enumerated? How will you ensure that those who respond to the survey are representative of the target audience?
4. The survey objectives and internal questions must be translated into carefully-worded questionnaire items crafted to facilitate analysis and interpretation.
5. The questionnaire instrument must be "tested" with members of the target audience to remove bugs and improve the instrument.
6. The questionnaire should be distributed to selected members of the target audience as defined by the sampling plan.
7. The results should be collected and translated into appropriate graphical displays that facilitate understanding. The charts can be compiled into a report and interpretations, inferences, generalizations, and caveats can be made based on evidence provided by the results.
About the Author
Phil Woodvine is a data analysis, and runs Direct Data Analysis Ltd
Throughout the years the globalization of businesses has steadily increased causing a growing acceptance of a generalized set of standards for accountants across the world. In April 2001, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) was founded to undertake the responsibilities of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) established in 1973. The IASB is made up of fourteen members representing nine countries, including China, Japan, Australia, and the U.S., and is sponsored by a variety of financial institutions, companies, banks, and accounting firms. In 2002, a year after their establishment, the IASB united with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to combine their knowledge and develop a set of high-quality accounting standards that would be compatible with all countries in order to successfully carry out international business affairs and their accounting. This set of global accounting standards is referred to as the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). According to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), 12,000 companies in 113 countries have already adopted the use of IFRS. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), one of the primary supporters of developing a set of standards to act as a guideline for financial reporting during transnational offerings, has encouraged the adoption of IFRS in the U.S. On November 14, 2008, the SEC announced that they anticipate the United States will adopt IFRS beginning in 2014, along with the roadmap and objectives which need to be achieved in order to meet the estimated timeline.
GAAP vs. IFRS
Although GAAP and IFRS still cover the same issues and provide guidance for accountants and their financial statements, there are many differences that must be adopted during the conversion process. In International Accounting Reporting Standards (IFRS): An AICPA Backgrounder developed in 2008, the AICPA states that the FASB and the IASB have been working to converge the topics from IFRS to U.S. GAAP in order to diminish any issues aroused by the key differences between the two sets of standards. The AICPA also lists some of the significant differences that still remain during the convergence projects:
IFRS does not permit Last In First Out (LIFO) as an inventory costing method.
IFRS uses a single-step method for impairment write-downs rather than the two-step method used in U.S. GAAP, making write-downs more likely.
IFRS has a different probability threshold and measurement objective for contingencies.
IFRS does not permit curing debt covenant violations after year-end.
IFRS guidance regarding revenue recognition is less extensive than GAAP and contains relatively little industry-specific instruction (AICPA, 2008).
The IFRS website (http://www.ifrs.com) also mentions these differences along with what they believe is the leading dissimilarity, “IFRS provides much less overall detail…IFRS fits into one book, about two inches thick. By contrast, U.S. GAAP contains approximately 17,000 pages of detailed rules and guidance” (“IFRS FAQs,” 2008). The U.S. must discover a way to complete their accounting without all of the extra guidelines given by U.S. GAAP. The FASB and the IASB both hope to resolve most of the major issues before the SEC permits publicly traded companies to apply IFRS to their accounting.
SEC Roadmap
Since 1988, the SEC has played a leading role in international efforts to acquire a staple set of accounting standards. A recurring issue that the SEC has brought up is that “issuers wishing to raise capital in more than one country are faced with the increased compliance costs and inefficiencies of preparing multiple sets of financial statements to comply with different jurisdictional accounting requirements” (AICPA, 2008). They pushed for a set of standards which companies with cross-border affairs could obey. On November 14, 2008, the SEC made a public statement and proposed a roadmap which included fundamental guidelines that are required to be completed by U.S. public companies to progress in the adoption of IFRS. On June 17, 2008, President Obama announced that extensive progress was to be made concerning the development of a global, premium set of accounting standards by the conclusion of 2009 (“IFRS FAQs,” 2008). According to the roadmap, between 2011 and 2012, Canadian, Indian, and Mexican companies are scheduled to adopt IFRS and between 2014 and 2016, large accelerated filers, accelerated filers, and smaller U.S. public companies will be required to switch to IFRS (AICPA, 2008). Although the timeline is possible, it is going to be difficult for companies to switch over so quickly and there will be numerous challenges arising during the process. More people need to be informed about IFRS and accepting of the conversion. The adoption requires educated, open-minded business people who are willing to learn and undertake these challenges.
Adoption of IFRS: Challenges and Opportunities
No matter how small the conversion process, many challenges are bound to arise. In an article titled “Guide to International Financial Reporting Standards,” the Center for Audit Quality mentions some of these challenges. Primarily, funding and staffing the IASB with experts who are confident and can function as an “independent standard-setting body” will be an issue. They also bring up the consistent adoption, application, and regulatory review which is necessary to achieve the “true benefits of a uniform set of accounting standards.” Lastly, the Center for Audit Quality brings up a well-known issue that it will be difficult to completely discontinue GAAP while some still believe that U.S. GAAP is the “true gold standard” for financial reporting (2009).
Obviously, there will also be struggles for anyone dealing with financial documents and the accounting profession. The AICPA stated that all parties involved in financial reporting must undertake comprehensive training, colleges and universities will need to add IFRS into their curriculum for students, professional associations and industry groups will need to include IFRS into all of their programs and materials, and lastly, IFRS will eventually be included in the CPA examination (AICPA, 2008). In an article titled “Using IFRS to Drive Business Development,” found in the Journal of Accountancy, Jefferey and Stephen mention that people can become educated about IFRS from conferences held by the AICPA, the IFRS website, a variety of seminars and books, and from different publications developed by the Big Four accounting firms (Deane & Heilman, 2009).
Aside from the all of the obstacles brought on by IFRS, there will also be a variety of opportunities that arise after the conversion process is complete. Most importantly, IFRS will put the U.S. on the same page as the rest of the world when it comes to financial reporting. This will protect U.S. capital markets, make cross-border investments easier, and encourage U.S. corporations to invest around the world. Financial reporting will also become less complex because of the decrease in standards given that IFRS is principle-based (Center for Audit Quality, 2009). Overall, there are a variety of challenges and opportunities developed by the conversion process; however, without a strong commitment by companies, accountants, and any other person involved in the accounting process, it will be very difficult to meet the SEC’s estimated adoption by 2014.
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